Questões envolvendo probabilidade
1) (ENEM_2005) AS 23
ex-alunas de uma turma que completou o Ensino Médio há 10 anos se
encontraram em uma reunião comemorativa. Várias delas haviam se casado e
tido filhos. A distribuição das mulheres, de acordo com a quantidade de filhos,
é mostrada no gráfico abaixo.
![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Um prêmio foi sorteado entre todos os filhos dessas ex-alunas. A probabilidade
de que a criança premiada tenha sido um(a) filho(a) único(a) é:
Adorei
ResponderExcluirAdorei
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